近日,美国国土安全部发布了一条拟议规则制定通知,正在考虑将之前判定为公共负担标准“随时可能成为公共负担”(likely at any time to become a public charge)修改为“可能主要依赖政府维持生计”(likely to become primarily dependent on the government for subsistence)。
根据拜登政府的计划,使用哪些福利可能属于“公众负担”?
- 政府提供的社会安全补助 (Supplemental Security Income (SSI), 42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.); - 贫困家庭临时援助(Cash assistance for income maintenance under Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), 42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); - 州,地方政府给予的贫困补助 (State, Tribal, territorial, or local cash benefit programs for income maintenance, often called “General Assistance” in the State context); - 由政府资助的长期医疗看护机构(Long-Term Institutionalization at Government Expense)。
使用哪些福利可能不属于“公众负担”?
- 食品券或者营养援助计划(Food stamps nor nutrition assistance provided under the SNAP administered by USDA); - 儿童健康保险计划(Children’s Health Insurance Program); - (除需长期看护机构支出外)美国政府医保most Medicaid benefits (except for long-term institutionalization at government expense); - 政府补助的低收入福利房; - 交通补助 (transportation vouchers); - 由Stafford Act法案而获得的灾难援助; - 税务福利和抵扣; - 退休金和其他因工作而获得的福利,如政府退休金失业保险、退伍军人福利等。